National College of Arts (NCA) is a fine arts and design college located in Lahore, in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. It has been ranked among South Asia's best art and design universities and usually alternates or ties with Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture as the top art school in the country. Founded in 1875, formerly known as the Mayo School of Arts, it is located at the The Mall; the NCA campus is adjacent to theLahore Museum. The Mayo School of Art was established along with Lahore Museum, with the intention to have a centre that served the requirements of the museum by preserving and patronizing the craft of Punjab. It is one of the oldest arts institute of higher education in South Asia.
Gazetteers written about the city of Lahore in 1915 describe the work being done at the school. In reaction to Industrial Revolution, a world wide movement gained strength i.e. Arts & Crafts Movement (1860-1910). The movement was about praising art & craft pieces hence negated industrial mass production. It was upon pressure of this movement that the British Crown decided to establish art schools in British India. Sir JJ School of Arts, Govt. College of art, Madras., & Mayo School of Arts are one of the pioneer art institutions in India. The Mayo School of Industrial Art was set up to perpetuate the memory of Lord Mayo, the BritishViceroy of India, who was assassinated in 1872. Lockwood Kipling (father of author Rudyard Kipling), a teacher of painting and sculpture working then in the J.J. School of Art in Bombay, was appointed its first Principal. Additionally, he was held the charge as the Curator of the Lahore Museum.
The Mayo School of Art was established along with Lahore Museum in 1875, with the intention to have a centre that served the requirements of the museum by preserving and patronizing the craft of Punjab. This was twenty four years after the ‘Great Exhibition’ of 1851 in London The world at that point in time was busy in arguing about how to tame designers in response to machine rigidity. John Lockwood Kipling was made curator of the Lahore Museum and principal of the Mayo School of Arts. His vision and his genuine regard for indigenous art, allowed the craft of the region to sustain at a time when it was under siege in industrialized Britain. The London School of Design, now Royal College of Arts, was already there since 1835, functioning and debating the curriculum for industrial design. It was perhaps due to this dialogue that the thinker and artist Lockwood Kipling took up the task of teaching the artists and designers the critical function of craft and traditions.
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